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| 621545 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Other (e.g. compiled) | Fraction of CH4 oxidized in landfill cover soil | Managed Waste Disposal Sites | Landfill cover soil: clayey and sandy | | | | 0.22 - 0.55 | fraction | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621549 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Modeled | Average annual methane generation rate from paper/card fraction of the biodegradable waste | Biodegradable fractions make up the majority of municipal solid waste (MSW), particularly food, gardening and paper/card wastes. Initiating a separate collection of organic wastes for recycling to land as a soil conditioner goes some way to achieving this diversion, but the residual waste stream still contains a significant proportion of biodegradable waste which must be treated prior to landfilling. Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is becoming one of the major methods for treating the residual MSW. There is a variety of MBT processes which treat the waste to different extents in different ways. It is becoming one of the major technologies for treating residual MSW, as it is cheaper, more flexible and more widely accepted by the general public than thermal treatments. In order to achieve complete diversion, the outputs of the biological processing would be applied to land as a soil conditioner. Unfortunately the outputs of these are often unsuitable for application to land due to insufficient degradation or contamination, and so are ending up in landfills. The environmental impacts of a landfill accepting large quantities of partially degraded wastes are largely unknown, giving rise to this research. | Site-specific parameters were taken from the predefined Bucks landfill, which represents typical UK landfill sites and contains very detailed site-specific annual waste disposal data for a reasonably long operational time, from 1978 to 1985. It accepted 2,000,000 t of domestic waste over the 8 years, and covered an area of 70,000m2 (200m north to south, 350m east to west). Simulations were conducted over a period of 100 years. | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | | | 132.2-616.6 | m3/ha/year | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621550 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Modeled | Average annual methane generation rate from textiles fraction of the biodegradable waste | Biodegradable fractions make up the majority of municipal solid waste (MSW), particularly food, gardening and paper/card wastes. Initiating a separate collection of organic wastes for recycling to land as a soil conditioner goes some way to achieving this diversion, but the residual waste stream still contains a significant proportion of biodegradable waste which must be treated prior to landfilling. Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is becoming one of the major methods for treating the residual MSW. There is a variety of MBT processes which treat the waste to different extents in different ways. It is becoming one of the major technologies for treating residual MSW, as it is cheaper, more flexible and more widely accepted by the general public than thermal treatments. In order to achieve complete diversion, the outputs of the biological processing would be applied to land as a soil conditioner. Unfortunately the outputs of these are often unsuitable for application to land due to insufficient degradation or contamination, and so are ending up in landfills. The environmental impacts of a landfill accepting large quantities of partially degraded wastes are largely unknown, giving rise to this research. | Site-specific parameters were taken from the predefined Bucks landfill, which represents typical UK landfill sites and contains very detailed site-specific annual waste disposal data for a reasonably long operational time, from 1978 to 1985. It accepted 2,000,000 t of domestic waste over the 8 years, and covered an area of 70,000m2 (200m north to south, 350m east to west). Simulations were conducted over a period of 100 years. | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | | | 140.6 | m3/ha/year | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621551 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Modeled | Average annual methane generation rate from miscellaneous fraction of the biodegradable waste | Biodegradable fractions make up the majority of municipal solid waste (MSW), particularly food, gardening and paper/card wastes. Initiating a separate collection of organic wastes for recycling to land as a soil conditioner goes some way to achieving this diversion, but the residual waste stream still contains a significant proportion of biodegradable waste which must be treated prior to landfilling. Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is becoming one of the major methods for treating the residual MSW. There is a variety of MBT processes which treat the waste to different extents in different ways. It is becoming one of the major technologies for treating residual MSW, as it is cheaper, more flexible and more widely accepted by the general public than thermal treatments. In order to achieve complete diversion, the outputs of the biological processing would be applied to land as a soil conditioner. Unfortunately the outputs of these are often unsuitable for application to land due to insufficient degradation or contamination, and so are ending up in landfills. The environmental impacts of a landfill accepting large quantities of partially degraded wastes are largely unknown, giving rise to this research. | Site-specific parameters were taken from the predefined Bucks landfill, which represents typical UK landfill sites and contains very detailed site-specific annual waste disposal data for a reasonably long operational time, from 1978 to 1985. It accepted 2,000,000 t of domestic waste over the 8 years, and covered an area of 70,000m2 (200m north to south, 350m east to west). Simulations were conducted over a period of 100 years. | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | | | 187.8-187.9 | m3/ha/year | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621552 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Modeled | Average annual methane generation rate from putrescibles fraction of the biodegradable waste | Biodegradable fractions make up the majority of municipal solid waste (MSW), particularly food, gardening and paper/card wastes. Initiating a separate collection of organic wastes for recycling to land as a soil conditioner goes some way to achieving this diversion, but the residual waste stream still contains a significant proportion of biodegradable waste which must be treated prior to landfilling. Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is becoming one of the major methods for treating the residual MSW. There is a variety of MBT processes which treat the waste to different extents in different ways. It is becoming one of the major technologies for treating residual MSW, as it is cheaper, more flexible and more widely accepted by the general public than thermal treatments. In order to achieve complete diversion, the outputs of the biological processing would be applied to land as a soil conditioner. Unfortunately the outputs of these are often unsuitable for application to land due to insufficient degradation or contamination, and so are ending up in landfills. The environmental impacts of a landfill accepting large quantities of partially degraded wastes are largely unknown, giving rise to this research. | Site-specific parameters were taken from the predefined Bucks landfill, which represents typical UK landfill sites and contains very detailed site-specific annual waste disposal data for a reasonably long operational time, from 1978 to 1985. It accepted 2,000,000 t of domestic waste over the 8 years, and covered an area of 70,000m2 (200m north to south, 350m east to west). Simulations were conducted over a period of 100 years. | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | | | 78.5-155.8 | m3/ha/year | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621553 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Modeled | Average annual methane generation rate from Fines fraction of the biodegradable waste | Biodegradable fractions make up the majority of municipal solid waste (MSW), particularly food, gardening and paper/card wastes. Initiating a separate collection of organic wastes for recycling to land as a soil conditioner goes some way to achieving this diversion, but the residual waste stream still contains a significant proportion of biodegradable waste which must be treated prior to landfilling. Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is becoming one of the major methods for treating the residual MSW. There is a variety of MBT processes which treat the waste to different extents in different ways. It is becoming one of the major technologies for treating residual MSW, as it is cheaper, more flexible and more widely accepted by the general public than thermal treatments. In order to achieve complete diversion, the outputs of the biological processing would be applied to land as a soil conditioner. Unfortunately the outputs of these are often unsuitable for application to land due to insufficient degradation or contamination, and so are ending up in landfills. The environmental impacts of a landfill accepting large quantities of partially degraded wastes are largely unknown, giving rise to this research. | Site-specific parameters were taken from the predefined Bucks landfill, which represents typical UK landfill sites and contains very detailed site-specific annual waste disposal data for a reasonably long operational time, from 1978 to 1985. It accepted 2,000,000 t of domestic waste over the 8 years, and covered an area of 70,000m2 (200m north to south, 350m east to west). Simulations were conducted over a period of 100 years. | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | | | 140.3 | m3/ha/year | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621554 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Measured | Paper/card fraction in UK biodegradable waste stream going to landfill from 1980-2010 | Biodegradable fractions make up the majority of municipal solid waste (MSW), particularly food, gardening and paper/card wastes. Initiating a separate collection of organic wastes for recycling to land as a soil conditioner goes some way to achieving this diversion, but the residual waste stream still contains a significant proportion of biodegradable waste which must be treated prior to landfilling. Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is becoming one of the major methods for treating the residual MSW. There is a variety of MBT processes which treat the waste to different extents in different ways. It is becoming one of the major technologies for treating residual MSW, as it is cheaper, more flexible and more widely accepted by the general public than thermal treatments. In order to achieve complete diversion, the outputs of the biological processing would be applied to land as a soil conditioner. Unfortunately the outputs of these are often unsuitable for application to land due to insufficient degradation or contamination, and so are ending up in landfills. The environmental impacts of a landfill accepting large quantities of partially degraded wastes are largely unknown, giving rise to this research. | This parameter is defined by Environment Agency for UK waste stream going to landfill from 1980-2010. | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | | Measured by Environment Agency (UK) | 33.5 | % | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621555 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Measured | Textile fraction in UK biodegradable waste stream going to landfill from 1980-2010 | Biodegradable fractions make up the majority of municipal solid waste (MSW), particularly food, gardening and paper/card wastes. Initiating a separate collection of organic wastes for recycling to land as a soil conditioner goes some way to achieving this diversion, but the residual waste stream still contains a significant proportion of biodegradable waste which must be treated prior to landfilling. Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is becoming one of the major methods for treating the residual MSW. There is a variety of MBT processes which treat the waste to different extents in different ways. It is becoming one of the major technologies for treating residual MSW, as it is cheaper, more flexible and more widely accepted by the general public than thermal treatments. In order to achieve complete diversion, the outputs of the biological processing would be applied to land as a soil conditioner. Unfortunately the outputs of these are often unsuitable for application to land due to insufficient degradation or contamination, and so are ending up in landfills. The environmental impacts of a landfill accepting large quantities of partially degraded wastes are largely unknown, giving rise to this research. | This parameter is defined by Environment Agency for UK waste stream going to landfill from 1980-2010. | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | | Measured by Environment Agency (UK) | 2.4 | % | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621556 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Measured | Miscellaneous fraction in UK biodegradable waste stream going to landfill from 1980-2010 | Biodegradable fractions make up the majority of municipal solid waste (MSW), particularly food, gardening and paper/card wastes. Initiating a separate collection of organic wastes for recycling to land as a soil conditioner goes some way to achieving this diversion, but the residual waste stream still contains a significant proportion of biodegradable waste which must be treated prior to landfilling. Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is becoming one of the major methods for treating the residual MSW. There is a variety of MBT processes which treat the waste to different extents in different ways. It is becoming one of the major technologies for treating residual MSW, as it is cheaper, more flexible and more widely accepted by the general public than thermal treatments. In order to achieve complete diversion, the outputs of the biological processing would be applied to land as a soil conditioner. Unfortunately the outputs of these are often unsuitable for application to land due to insufficient degradation or contamination, and so are ending up in landfills. The environmental impacts of a landfill accepting large quantities of partially degraded wastes are largely unknown, giving rise to this research. | This parameter is defined by Environment Agency for UK waste stream going to landfill from 1980-2010. | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | | Measured by Environment Agency (UK) | 8 | % | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621557 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Measured | Putrescibe fraction in UK biodegradable waste stream going to landfill from 1980-2010 | Biodegradable fractions make up the majority of municipal solid waste (MSW), particularly food, gardening and paper/card wastes. Initiating a separate collection of organic wastes for recycling to land as a soil conditioner goes some way to achieving this diversion, but the residual waste stream still contains a significant proportion of biodegradable waste which must be treated prior to landfilling. Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is becoming one of the major methods for treating the residual MSW. There is a variety of MBT processes which treat the waste to different extents in different ways. It is becoming one of the major technologies for treating residual MSW, as it is cheaper, more flexible and more widely accepted by the general public than thermal treatments. In order to achieve complete diversion, the outputs of the biological processing would be applied to land as a soil conditioner. Unfortunately the outputs of these are often unsuitable for application to land due to insufficient degradation or contamination, and so are ending up in landfills. The environmental impacts of a landfill accepting large quantities of partially degraded wastes are largely unknown, giving rise to this research. | This parameter is defined by Environment Agency for UK waste stream going to landfill from 1980-2010. | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | | Measured by Environment Agency (UK) | 20.8 | % | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621558 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Measured | Fines fraction in UK biodegradable waste stream going to landfill from 1980-2010 | Biodegradable fractions make up the majority of municipal solid waste (MSW), particularly food, gardening and paper/card wastes. Initiating a separate collection of organic wastes for recycling to land as a soil conditioner goes some way to achieving this diversion, but the residual waste stream still contains a significant proportion of biodegradable waste which must be treated prior to landfilling. Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is becoming one of the major methods for treating the residual MSW. There is a variety of MBT processes which treat the waste to different extents in different ways. It is becoming one of the major technologies for treating residual MSW, as it is cheaper, more flexible and more widely accepted by the general public than thermal treatments. In order to achieve complete diversion, the outputs of the biological processing would be applied to land as a soil conditioner. Unfortunately the outputs of these are often unsuitable for application to land due to insufficient degradation or contamination, and so are ending up in landfills. The environmental impacts of a landfill accepting large quantities of partially degraded wastes are largely unknown, giving rise to this research. | This parameter is defined by Environment Agency for UK waste stream going to landfill from 1980-2010. | United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | | Measured by Environment Agency (UK) | 7.1 | % | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621643 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Measured | Paper & textiles fraction in wet waste from survey of 35 canadian landfills | | A national survey captured the 52 Canadian landfills recovering methane, obtaining necessary model inputs, and methane recovery rates for landfills in 2005. All 52 landfills had recovery data; however, due to insufficient waste data and outliers, only 35 landfills were considered to calibrate the landfill gas models. The 35 landfills operated in five provinces, namely, Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Nova Scotia, and Quebec. | Canada | | | 27.0 - 59.0 | % | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621644 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Measured | Garden & park waste fraction in wet waste from survey of 35 canadian landfills | | A national survey captured the 52 Canadian landfills recovering methane, obtaining necessary model inputs, and methane recovery rates for landfills in 2005. All 52 landfills had recovery data; however, due to insufficient waste data and outliers, only 35 landfills were considered to calibrate the landfill gas models. The 35 landfills operated in five provinces, namely, Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Nova Scotia, and Quebec. | Canada | | | 11.0 - 17.5 | % | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621645 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Measured | Food waste fraction in wet waste from survey of 35 canadian landfills | | A national survey captured the 52 Canadian landfills recovering methane, obtaining necessary model inputs, and methane recovery rates for landfills in 2005. All 52 landfills had recovery data; however, due to insufficient waste data and outliers, only 35 landfills were considered to calibrate the landfill gas models. The 35 landfills operated in five provinces, namely, Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Nova Scotia, and Quebec. | | | | 2.7 - 25.3 | % | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621646 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Measured | Wood & straw fraction in wet waste from survey of 35 canadian landfills | | A national survey captured the 52 Canadian landfills recovering methane, obtaining necessary model inputs, and methane recovery rates for landfills in 2005. All 52 landfills had recovery data; however, due to insufficient waste data and outliers, only 35 landfills were considered to calibrate the landfill gas models. The 35 landfills operated in five provinces, namely, Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Nova Scotia, and Quebec. | Canada | | | 0.3 - 6.0 | % | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621647 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Modeled | Decay rate, k | | A national survey captured the 52 Canadian landfills recovering methane, obtaining necessary model inputs, and methane recovery rates for landfills in 2005. All 52 landfills had recovery data; however, due to insufficient waste data and outliers, only 35 landfills were considered to calibrate the landfill gas models. The 35 landfills operated in five provinces, namely, Alberta, British Columbia, Ontario, Nova Scotia, and Quebec. Estimated methane generation for 35 landfills for six models. The German EPER, Belgium, TNO, Scholl Canyon, LandGEM, and a modified Scholl Canyon model (dividing the waste by numbers between one and ten) were all run in Excel 2002. The site-specific yearly waste quantity from the opening of the landfill to year 2005 were applied to all models except the EPER model, which only considered the 2005 waste amount. | Canada | | | 0.023 - 0.056 | /year | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621665 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Modeled | Specific biogas production Lo for mechanically biologically treated waste | Assessing the effect of mechanical biological treatment (MBT) of municipal solid waste on biogas generation in full-scale landfill plants. | The data used in this research were acquired in ‘Il Fossetto’ landfill. This landfill is located in the province of Pistoia (Italy) in a flat area and has a total authorized volume of about 1,000,000 m3; at the moment, it is being used to dispose mainly of municipal solid waste (MSW) after MBT and limited quantities of non-hazardous bottom ash and slag. The landfill is formed by four sub-landfills: landfill 1 (opened and closed in 1988); landfill 2 (working from 1988 to 1992 and in the year 2007 after the approval by the Province of Pistoia of the definitive landfill profile); landfill 3 (operating from 1989 to 1992 and after being incorporated in landfill 4 that has been built on it) and landfill 4 (composed of six cells in operation from 1993). In the ‘Il Fossetto’ landfill MBT has been adopted since June 2003; it consists of a preliminary shredding of mixed municipal waste, followed by sorting in a rotary drum screen able to separate a fine fraction (average diameter below 40mm) from a coarse fraction, the latter representing about 70% of incoming waste. The major part of the most biodegradable incoming waste is concentrated, by mechanical treatment, in a finer fraction, thus the coarse fraction is directly deposited in the landfill, whereas the finer fraction is, instead, subject to an aerobic biological treatment (maximum value of static respirometric index after stabilization below 450 mgO2 (kg VS)-1 h-1) and afterwards used, mixed with incinerator bottom ashes, for landfill daily cover. | Italy | Mechanical and biological treatement (MBT) | Leachate produced and intercepted by the drainage system is extracted and, since September 2006, treated on site in an internal membrane plant. The leachate treatment plant includes the treatment of mixing and pre-aeration, sieving, pre-filtration by cartridge filters, membrane ultrafiltration, chemical conditioning to reach a pH of about 5 by adding sulfuric acid, membrane reverse osmosis (two modules), chlorination and activated carbon filtration. The treated leachate is discharged into a small channel nearby and the concentrated leachate produced (30% of the total incoming leachate) is recirculated in landfill 4. The biogas generated in landfill 4 is collected by vertical wells and used for electricity generation; a torch is also present for safety purposes. The diffuse emission of biogas from the landfill body is periodically monitored according to the analysis of the results of the monitoring, in the year 2009, the biogas extraction efficiency was assessed to be about 60%. | 20 | m3 biogas / tonne waste | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621670 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Modeled | Overall direct GHG emissions from landfills without gas collection taking into account carbon storage | Two different approaches are used: The first one neglects that over a 100 year period there is considerable carbon storage in landfill sites and the second approach takes this storage into account. | A conservative MOF of 0.1 (or 10% oxidation rate) was used. | South Africa | | | 1016.33 | kg CO2 equiv. / ton wet waste | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621671 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Modeled | Overall direct GHG emissions from landfills with gas collection and flaring taking into account carbon storage | | An instantaneous collection efficiency of 75% was assumed. Efficiency of flaring was assumed to be 95%. | South Africa | | | 101.2 | kg CO2 equiv. / ton wet waste | Peer-reviewed journal | |
| 621672 | - 6A1 - Managed Waste Disposal on Land
| - 4.A.1 - Managed Waste Disposal Sites
| | Modeled | Overall direct GHG emissions from landfills with gas collection and electricity generation taking into account carbon storage | | By 2012, there were only three landfill sites in the country which collect LFG and use it for electricity production as part of a CDM project. For the collected gas, the gas energy recovery efficiency was considered. This efficiency is assumed as 30% in this study, based on reported values of 25–35% by Manfredi et al. (2009) and 30% by Smith et al. (2001). For the calculations it was assumed that the energy content (EC) of CH4 is 37 MJ m 3 (assumptions also made by Manfredi et al., 2009), which is equal to 14.42 kW h kg-1 CH4. Most of the electricity (around 90%) is generated in South Africa from coal. Therefore, local electricity provision (EP) carries a relatively high GHG burden (1.03 kg CO2 e kW h-1) as compared to the literature (Eskom, 2011). | South Africa | | | -144.52 | kg CO2 equiv. / ton wet waste | Peer-reviewed journal | |
